Industrial Chemicals Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Modern Chemicals Company - Essay Example Likewise if the organization ought to extend its current business it ought to bring out new and shifted items in the market. This is conceivable just through R&D. The R&D group of ICC continues directing examination to present new items in the market. Research and development is likewise required in the organization to deliver synthetic concoctions with less expense so as to snatch more markets. The R&D group in the bioprocess advancement delivers the items that are utilized in the field of biotechnology. It additionally works in a unit that creates vehicles for the exchange of pharmaceutical items. The natural gathering of the R&D is effectively engaged with the improvement of pharmaceutical items. The essential methodology of the organization is the creation of synthetic substances and related items. So as to keep up better piece of the overall industry later on the organization ought to acquaint better items agreeing with the adjustment in the market pattern and ne cessities. (Q.2) Would working unit control of our key R&D development programs upgrade or relieve our odds of meeting our objectives That is ought to R&D be sorted out as cost SBUs inside every one of the working units What sum and kind of R&D, if any whatsoever, ought to be done at the corporate level SBU is additionally called Strategic Business Unit. ... ICC should make R&D a vital specialty unit as R&D is the center achievement factor of the organization. On the off chance that this is presented as a specific movement ICC can improve the benefit at a disturbing rate. It is seen that at the corporate level a commercialization bunch works to give arrangements on commercializing the new innovation. The new innovation based items are the real main impetus of ICC. In this way a corporate group of senior administrators must be framed so as to screen its exercises. (Q.3) I know there'll be strain to level off our R&D spending over the organization, including corporate R&D. We must ensure we get more for our cash as far as organizing those endeavors to pursue the most encouraging business openings in case we will accomplish our objectives in biotechnology! How might we be certain we're organizing these endeavors toward expanded business achievement That is, how would we assess the viability of both the R&D cost SBUs in the working units and corporate-level R&D The organization can be certain that it is organizing the biotechnology area for business extension on the off chance that it focuses on the R&D action in biotechnology. Simple research isn't sufficient for the organization. The looked into and created items and innovation must be popularized for money related possibilities of the organization. Particularly the biotechnology segment is the place as good as ever advancements are required as far as the market situation. At the point when the organization can patent any item created by them the benefits will impressively increment. The examination group ought to must be made increasingly particular for the movement. (Q.4) How does the way that ICC works in a few unique nations influence the

Leading and managing people Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Driving and overseeing individuals - Essay Example In my gathering we were doing a video go for organizations. We were to act like an organization and we were searching for speculators to help make those download recordings for organizations. In this manner of this task being that we were originating from various social foundations we required a solid and successful pioneer and was Ross was a one such pioneer. From the socio grams clearly Ross pick the affecting sort of initiative style. In the supplement from week 4, 6, 7 and 8 increasingly more spotlight is coordinated on Ross as the undertaking turns out to be increasingly requesting. Besides, in week 6 even connections between the gatherings individuals have started to be stressed and there is pressure be that as it may, by week 7 and 8 the pioneer Ross had fixed this strain and correspondence was smooth. The fixing and smoothening of the connections in the gathering was not done by some coincidence yet by the administration style that Ross had picked. This is spoken to well by the emotiograms in the index which portrays the feeling of anxiety of the individuals at various weeks. In any case, Ross is demonstrated to be on the tree in every single week looking down at his gathering individuals. As certain individuals are occupied, some are lazing near, some are disengaged and some are totally falling Ross is solid and extremely alert and is large and in charge. This portrays Ross’ administration abilities as being decisive and impacting to the gathering individuals. By being affecting she is giving positive orders which will unite the individuals. Being on the entirety of the gathering individuals Ross put focus on us to do what was anticipated from the gathering. Anyway much this initiative style was acceptable and gainful it caused me to feel like Ross was the main significant and my thoughts and commitments were not important. In the informative supplement segment sociogram 6 depicts our stressed relationship and furthermore emotiogram 7 shows me simply hanging by perilously and going to fall. I accept that Ross’ authority style is brought about by his character which is

Biotechnology Examples

Biotechnology Examples Biotechnology Biology plus technology equals biotechnology. It is technology that is founded on technology and connects cellular and biomolecular processes. As a result, technologies and products are developed that help improve people's lives and the Earth's health. For over 6,000 years, the biological processes of microorganisms have been used to make and improve on a wide range of food products including bread and cheese, and to help preserve dairy products. Early biotechnology developed when farmers used cross-breeding or cross-pollination to improve species of plants and animals. Biotechnology today makes available revolutionary products and technologies to fight against debilitating and rare diseases, feed the hungry, reduce human's environmental footprint, use cleaner and less energy, and have safer, cleaner, and more effective, efficient processes for industrial manufacturing. Today, there are several hundred biotechnology health care products and vaccines available to people and many are for previously untreatable diseases. Millions of farmers around the world use agricultural biotechnology to increase output, control and prevent insect and pest damage to crops, and reduce farming's negative effect on the environment. There are also more than fifty biorefineries being built throughout North America to test and refine technologies and produce biofuels and chemicals from renewable biomass, which in turn reduces greenhouse gas emissions. There are many advances in the world of biotechnology which will help prepare and meet the need for society's future challenges. However, there is also the potential for biological warfare using some of the same biotechnologies. Examples of Biotechnology: 1. Health: Referred to as red biotechnology, it has brought together the resources in nature and man's own genetic code and makeup to heal, as well as encourage further research by reducing rates of infection, saving millions of children's lives, increasing the odds and length of life for those with life-threatening illnesses, minimizing health risks and side effects of treatments, disease detection techniques, and battling serious illnesses and everyday threats in developing areas of the world. 2. Manufacturing: White biotech is used in biological processes like fermentation and joins biocatalysts such as enzymes, yeast, and other microbes to become microscopic manufacturing plants. In addition, biotech lessens the steps in chemical manufacturing processes, lowers the temperature for cleaning clothes annually saving billions of dollars, saving on operating costs for manufacturing, reducing the use of and reliance on petrochemicals, cut greenhouse gas emissions, decreasing water usage and waste generation, and using the full potential of typical biomass waste products. 3. Food: Green biotech helps to feed the world by generating higher crop yields, lessen the use of agricultural chemicals leading to less runoff of these products into the environment, reducing the tilling of farmland, developing crops with enhanced nutrition profiles that resolve vitamin and nutrient deficiencies, production of allergen and toxin-free foods, and much more. 4. Aquatic: Blue biotech involves processes in marine environments, such as controlling the spread of harmful and possibly deadly water-borne organisms.

How to Get Better Performance and Results from Knowledge Worker Information Systems Free Essay Example, 1500 words

A database server is a program in the computer that gives database services to other computers or programs. It also describes computer that is reserved to run such a program. The database is designed to allow multiple users to access the same data using different applications. It presents the stored data to users in a more organized manner. In large organizations, the database is set up in a manner that many users can access the information without the need to generate a computer program. What is the server's role in infrastructure for knowledge-worker information systems? The role of a database server is to bring together data. This is through shaping it in a way that resonates with the activities it supports to give out information. A database makes sharing of accurate and updated information easy. It also improves business performance since it enables employees to work from various locations at any given time. A database server also serves the critical role of effective decision-making in an organization. This is because it avails information relating to marketing, purchases, production, customer relationships, and suppliers. The database server helps to reveal areas where there is a difficulty hence making it easier for managers to tackle them out. Consider some new approaches to data provisioning? Data provisioning can be like the offering of services to customers in network terms. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Get Better Performance and Results from Knowledge Worker Information Systems or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In order for the network to be, there has to be equipped to receive the network and there has to be a network design or plan installed in place. Provisioning helps users get access to data and information at all levels. It provides any user access to both organizational systems and other useful resources such as computers and cell phones. What do you consider the main infrastructure component in your organization's knowledge worker information system? A well-developed information system support change by enabling a company to be agile. In order to develop an agile company, our organization has developed a strong knowledge-worker information system, which consists of hardware, software, and telecommunications network. It also consists of a data warehouse and a database server.

Career Paths That I Have Interest Essay - 1145 Words

This paper will explore two career paths that I have interest in. The first is what is referred to as a Postsecondary teacher. A Postsecondary teacher is a teacher that is able to focus on a specific vocational subject, i.e. law Enforcement (Police Academy). This is an important factor in some types of careers, because no college course will give a person enough knowledge and understanding on how to be a successfully functioning Police Officer. The role of the Postsecondary Teacher in this career path is highly required for the success of the student, as there is no safety net when you leave the confines of the Academy Environment. The second career that will be covered is that of a Probation Officer. This job allows me to utilize a lot of skills I have already fine tuned over my lifetime. It requires that you are flexible and understanding. As a Probation Officer your purpose is to make the subject on Criminal Probation successful. This requires you to be a disciplinarian, m entor, counselor and resource outlet. Having the right attituded and skillset as a Probation Officer would allow me to have a high success rate, in my opinion. I’m currently embarking on the career path of a Postsecondary teacher. This job allows me to utilize the skillset I have already gained from being a Police Officer. The job of a Postsecondary Teacher requires that I bring real life examples of topics into the classroom. This career interests me because of my prior career as a PoliceShow MoreRelatedMy Career Path And Career Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesO*Net Interest Profiler The question â€Å"What do you want to be when you grow up?† meant so many things throughout middle childhood, adolescence, and was even relevant in adulthood. My interests varied from law, to education, and even construction for a period. 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The paper will look at people from various cultural backgrounds heading towards their choice of major/occupational path and whether or not the results vary based on cultural and social, economic background. This question is significant because many students who plan to attend post-secondary often are forced to study a specific field they have little or no interest in and allow outsideRead MoreInvestigation Of The Inquiry Process Essay1065 Words   |  5 Pagesbegin a successful career, maintain a healthy lifestyle, gain knowledge, as well as valuable experiences. The most important part, and the first step, of the inquiry process is to ask questions. Asking questions is never a negative thing to do, although you must be aware of your surroundings and make sure the context in which you ask a question is appropriate. This step of the inquiry process includes engineering a list of questions to help you narrow the what type of career path you would like toRead MoreThe Damned If I Do Damned953 Words   |  4 PagesDamned if I Do, Damned if I Don’t There are a number of different ways that knowledge can broaden our horizons as we go through life. This includes ways in which we go about doing our daily activities all the way to how we further ourselves in our career paths. Many people do see knowledge as a benefit, especially for those who are trying to get ahead when it comes to jump starting their careers within certain industries. All careers require a certain amount of knowledge and skillRead MoreFactors Of Career And Personality Assessments849 Words   |  4 Pagesgroup. She wonders if this interest might be something she should pursue. As Emily’s academic advisor, I suggested some helpful steps she should take that would assist her in making these important decisions. 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Managerial Economics Models of Duopoly Pertaining

Question: Discuss about the Managerial Economics for Models of Duopoly Pertaining. Answer: Introduction Markets are everywhere and lie at the heart of all economic activities. These markets differ from each other in respect of their structure, level of competition and their response to competition. Hence, an understanding of market structures is of immense importance for businesses to operate effectively in the industry. This understanding helps them to identify the characteristics of firms, degree of existing competition, number of buyers and sellers, type of product, capacity of a firm to influence other firms in the industry and other similar aspects related to market in which the firm operates. This further helps in identification of optimal price, output and level of promotion or differentiation required to stay profitable in a particular industry. Throughout the lifetime of any business organization, it is attached to one or the other market structure and its product, price, output and other factors are influenced by the market structure. The commonly identified market structures are monopoly, duopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition. The following essay discusses various aspects of these market structures in context of different industries of Australia along with highlighting their distinct features and identifying the industries with these market structures. Market structures in Australia Market structure refers to level of competition available in the market for particular goods and service. Market structure includes product as well as service sector and it identifies competitors available in particular market. It includes the condition of entry and exit of new buyer and seller for dealing. Market structure includes various forms of market such as monopoly, duopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition. These markets have different features and market strategy to deal with customer. Market structure helps to determine different market strategies and policies of the firms to stay in this competitive market. Monopoly market can defined as availability of single seller with huge number of customer without having any close substitute (Waschik, Fisher and Prentice, 2010). Duopoly is similar as oligopoly, which refers to availability of two independent firms in market without any agreement. Duopoly has effect in market as similar as monopoly that includes changing the price of product according to customer demand. However, under duopoly, there are two independent sellers of a similar product as compared to single seller in case of monopoly (Free, 2010). Oligopoly refers to market condition that includes few firms that sell homogonous product in market. In this market, it is not easy to identify the number of competitive firms in the industry because there are few firms available in the market and the act of these firms can affect the performance of other firms (Free, 2010). Monopolistic market structure is the most different of all the structures and is characterized by high number of buyers and sellers in the industry. Hence, any single firm cannot control the production of the firm as well as substitute of product. These markets differ not only in context of number of buyers and sellers, but also in context of the product that they provide, the prices they charge and marketing strategies that they adopt to lure customers. As monopoly is the only seller of a particular product, its product is highly homogeneous, prices are generally high and the seller hardly uses advertising strategies to lure customers. Hence, monopoly is the price maker (Waschik, Fisher and Prentice, 2010). Duopoly, on the contrary, affects consumers purchasing power as consumers purchase the product at high price due to high competition between these firms. However, firms under duopoly provide more or less homogenous products, indulge in price wars and have loyal customers (Free, 2010). In oligopoly market, firms can produce either differentiated heterogeneous products. Further, perfect oligopoly can occur with availability of industrial goods and imperfect oligopoly can occur due to availability of customer goods. At the time of production, these firms have the power for setting the price of goods and service. It provides different product at different price to the society. These firms have certain barrier in the entry of new firms in industry. Finally, monopolistic structure is highest degree of imperfect competition where sellers try to gain market share by providing highly differentiated products, using different promotional tactics and differentiated price levels. Any single firm cannot control the production of the firm as well as substitute of product, entry and exit is easy and the firms have to provide products as competitive prices (Hubbard et al., 2014). In context of Australia, all these market structures can be found in different industries. For example, Australia Post reflects a monopoly market structure. It is single supplier of posts and does not allow private enterprises for supply of postal from post office box (Carmody, 2015). Australias telecommunication and airline industries are example of duopoly market structure with Telstra and Optus in telecom industry and Virgin, and Qantas in airline industry (Ramli, 2015). The Australian retail/supermarket and banking industry faces an oligopoly market structure (Dagge, 2015). In supermarket retail segment, Woolworth and Coles are market leaders with 70-80% market share and other retailers like Aldi are followers (Ramli, 2015). In Australia, fast-food/restaurant industry has the condition of monopolistic competition where firms like McDonalds, Burger King and Subway provide highly differentiated products such as burger, sandwich, pizza and many more at competitive prices (Hubbard et al., 2014). Moreover, they also indulge in intense promotion and marketing strategies to capture market share. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that Australian industry has high competition in the market that depend on the market structure such as monopoly, duopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition. In Australian market, Australia post has the situation of monopoly that have the barrier for private postal company to supply of postal from post office box. Further, duopoly market is found in telecom and airline industry. In addition, Coles and Woolworth have the oligopoly market condition in Australian retail market and finally fast food/restaurant industry in Australia has the condition of monopolistic competition that includes market players like McDonalds, Burger King, Subway and many others. References Carmody, B. (2015) Australia Post is hurting small businesses with PO Box monopoly, says delivery company Sendle, Smart Company. [Online]. Available at: https://www.smartcompany.com.au/growth/49035-australia-post-hurting-small-businesses-with-po-box-monopoly-says-delivery-company-sendle/ (Accessed: 14 December 2016). Dagge, J. (2015) Study finds Australian monopolies have better results, Herald Sun. [Online]. Available at: https://www.heraldsun.com.au/business/study-finds-australian-monopolies-have-better-results/news-story/83436800178abede28b01f82135a5da5 (Accessed: 16 December 2016). Free, R. C. (2010) 21st Century Economics: A Reference Handbook, Volume . UK: SAGE. Hubbard, R., Garnett, A., Lewis, P. and OBrien, A. (2014) Microeconomics. Frenchs Forest: Pearson Australia. Ramli, D. (2015) Australia's phone and internet market could become duopoly, says Optus chief, The Sydney Morning Herald. [Online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/australias-phone-and-internet-market-could-become-duopoly-says-optus-chief-20150604-ghgm5b.html (Accessed: 15 December 2016). Waschik. R., Fisher,T. and Prentice, D. (2010) Managerial Economics, Second Edition: A Strategic Approach. George: Routledge. ED (2016) Models of Duopoly Pertaining to Price Output Decisions. [Online]. Available at: https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/duopoly/models-of-duopoly-pertaining-to-price-output-decisions/3793 (Accessed: 17 December 2016). Layton, A.P., Robinson, T.J.C., and Tucker, I.B. (2011) Economics for Today. USA: Cengage Learning. TM (2016) Game Theory of Oligopolistic Pricing Strategies. [Online]. Available at: https://thismatter.com/economics/oligopoly-game-theory.htm

Progressive Era Essays - American Political Philosophy,

Progressive Era Philips US History II During the Progressive Era in the United States, there were many changes happening. Some were happening with the people in the United States, some with the people controlling the United States, and some changes were just going on around both of them. This Era of time for the United States helped them out a lot. They were tired of things going bad for them. They wanted the good 'ol times back. They wanted to be happy again and they would do anything to make this happen. We had two new presidents during the Progressive Era in the United States. They both knew that people of their country wanted to be happy. The people believed in the governments ability to cure bad things. So the presidents came in and took over the country, starting to control things more and more. This is what was making the people happy. Women also started speaking out against the laws that were set against them. They started club meetings. They wanted to the same rights as the men did. They also helped with he child labor laws and with the minorities. They got everything under good condition for the minorities. They also wanted prostitution cleared up on the streets. Women wouldn't have a lot of rights that they have now, if it wasn't for the women in the Progressive Era. The working class started looking up on life. People believe in the advancement of the United States as a whole and not just individual. The working class knew they'd have a chance to make it in life. A lot of p eople started believing in the church. They knew that church would make things better. They started going a lot more. Everything in the United States was starting to look up. People were happier and the United States was getting back on track to be the good nation it knew it could be.

Free Essays on Armenia

Armenia’s History, Culture, and People Armenia occupies a territory of 29, 800 square kilometers. The average altitude of the territory is 1, 800 meters above sea level, the highest peak has an altitude of 4, 090 meters and the lowest point is the Debed canyon with an altitude of 380 meters. The Armenian Plateau contains an endless chain of mountains, lakes hidden in the heights, mountain torrents and waterfalls, valleys, forests, and isolated highlands. Dhilawala (1997 p. 27) states â€Å"Lake Sevan unveils itself with constantly changing colors- harmoniously matching or conforming itself to the sky. It is almost sinful to visit Armenia and to not see Lake Sevan.† Sevan is known as a lake of mysteries, located at an altitude of 1, 900 meters above sea level, and the deepest part of this lake is 99 meters. One river, Hrazdan, flows out of Lake Sevan while twenty-eight rivers merge into it. Besides the lakes, rivers, and springs, the country is rich with mineral waters. Dhilawala states ( 1997 p. 42) â€Å"on any visit to Armenia you will see natural wonders, and an embroidery of crosses carved into mountains.† History History has thrown more than a few bad hands Armenia’s way. Baliozian (1980 p. 14) states â€Å"poor little Armenia has been the mouflon in the sandwich between warring nations and factions for millennia, and its people have been used as spear fodder time and time again. They’ve been shipped or fled back and forth across burning deserts with the vicissitudes of shifting borders or the whims of empire builders in far flung capitals. National borders, historic and present, tend to waver depending on whom you’re talking (Armenia’s History, Culture, and People, 2) to, but what- is- what- where pressure cooker of ethnic migrations, competing religions, jostling international egos, envy, ethnic hatred, warring armies, grand victories and ... Free Essays on Armenia Free Essays on Armenia Armenia’s History, Culture, and People Armenia occupies a territory of 29, 800 square kilometers. The average altitude of the territory is 1, 800 meters above sea level, the highest peak has an altitude of 4, 090 meters and the lowest point is the Debed canyon with an altitude of 380 meters. The Armenian Plateau contains an endless chain of mountains, lakes hidden in the heights, mountain torrents and waterfalls, valleys, forests, and isolated highlands. Dhilawala (1997 p. 27) states â€Å"Lake Sevan unveils itself with constantly changing colors- harmoniously matching or conforming itself to the sky. It is almost sinful to visit Armenia and to not see Lake Sevan.† Sevan is known as a lake of mysteries, located at an altitude of 1, 900 meters above sea level, and the deepest part of this lake is 99 meters. One river, Hrazdan, flows out of Lake Sevan while twenty-eight rivers merge into it. Besides the lakes, rivers, and springs, the country is rich with mineral waters. Dhilawala states ( 1997 p. 42) â€Å"on any visit to Armenia you will see natural wonders, and an embroidery of crosses carved into mountains.† History History has thrown more than a few bad hands Armenia’s way. Baliozian (1980 p. 14) states â€Å"poor little Armenia has been the mouflon in the sandwich between warring nations and factions for millennia, and its people have been used as spear fodder time and time again. They’ve been shipped or fled back and forth across burning deserts with the vicissitudes of shifting borders or the whims of empire builders in far flung capitals. National borders, historic and present, tend to waver depending on whom you’re talking (Armenia’s History, Culture, and People, 2) to, but what- is- what- where pressure cooker of ethnic migrations, competing religions, jostling international egos, envy, ethnic hatred, warring armies, grand victories and ...

Financial Reporting - International Accounting Standards Essay

Financial Reporting - International Accounting Standards - Essay Example The essay "Financial Reporting - International Accounting Standards" analyses the challenges faced in establishing International Financial Reporting Standard, the characteristics of the Framework and International Financial Reporting Standard for small and medium entities. Challenges A financial reporting system should focus on the needs of all capital providers and not just for a class of people. International Accounting Standards Board was set up with the sole mission to develop, in the public interest, a single set of high quality, understandable and international financing reporting standards for general purpose financial statement. International Accounting Standards Board had it fair share of challenges to accomplish its mission. Let us analyse the challenges faced by International Accounting Standards Board below: National Financial Environment: Every country follows a certain set of accounting standards based on its local financial environment. Therefore developing an accounting standard which suits individual country specific needs is a very challenging task. International Convergence: The difference between the national accounting standards and International Financial Reporting Standard is minimal and it lies mostly because of the differential treatment of specific transactions. Hence the issue of international convergence comes in which tries to state whether the gap between the national standard and international accounting standard can be bridged and converged and adopted by countries. Government rules and regulations: Country specific rules and regulations have a bearing on the way the financial information is produced. Let us take for example, a country have the minimum tax rates and with lots of other perks to the companies. In this case a company incorporated in this country because of favorable tax regime will not try to malign its financial reports. Similarly, tax heavens (Tax Heaven) such as Mauritius, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, etc. attract more investment from companies to save tax. Many countries have double taxation because of weak tax reforms but some countries have robust taxation policies which are transparent. International Financial Reporting Standard therefore needs to factor in such issues. Social and Cultural issues: Islamic countries follow Islamic financing, which are very much different from the other national standards. Therefore, International Financial Reporting Standard, whose role is to portray the correct picture of the financial stature of the company, may find hard to make a strong foot hold in such countries. Islam financing, does not allow companies to earn high profits due to which these companies try and manipulate the accounts accordingly (Mohammed Ibrahim). International Financial Reporting Standard being an initiative of the western countries may not be acceptable in this Islam driven countries. Update the International Standards on Regular Intervals: The national accounting standards are always updated to factor in and control various lags in the standards on a time to time basis. International Accounting Standards Board similarly also have to deliver on the same lines. The challenge here is that it is very complex and they have to do it on a global scale. Therefore this requires time, respective field experts and funds. Every time they update a standard based on practical issues, they need to convey it to the countries and they in turn

Sinusitis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sinusitis - Essay Example Thus, there is the abnormal production of B and T cells, and IgG deficiency is triggered by a defect of B cells. IgG deficiency can occur in two forms that are selective and specific. In most cases, the B cells are low in selective antibody deficiency. Likewise, the T cells are also inadequate. The T cells help in B cell immunoglobulin synthesis. Thus, selective IgG deficiency is accompanied by isolated IgG deficiency with normal levels of IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. In specific IgG deficiency, there is evidence of inadequate levels of other immunoglobulin isotypes. Both types of IgG deficiency result to respiratory infections. For instance sinus, ear, pneumonia, and bronchitis infections. In this case the patient is diagnosed with a combined T and B cell immunodeficiency (Lang, 2009. This individual is suffering from IgG2 due to the developing illnesses sinus (Porth, 2011). In addition, the antibodies against polysaccharide antigens and carbohydrates belong to IgG2 category. On the othe r hand, antibodies against protein antigens are categorized in IgG1 and IgG3 groups. The IgG immunoglobulins are categorized in four groups founded on the function and structure. It is classified from IgG1 to IgG4. In most cases, about 70% fit in the IgG1 and 20% belong to IgG2 groups. Antibodies that are opposed to protein antigens fit in IgG1 and IgG3 groups. There is another class of antibodies that are opposed to polysaccharide and carbohydrates antigens that belong to IgG2 group. Patients with IgG2 deficiency are at high risk of suffering from pneumonia, otitis media, and sinusitis. These illnesses are triggered by microorganisms known as polysaccharide-encapsulated. The microorganisms include N. meningitides, H. influenza type b, and pneumonia. In some cases, the patients are healthy, and others are asymptomatic in presence of the IgG

Analysis of The Somebody Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis of The Somebody - Essay Example He considered owning all the things, places and buildings where he signed his name and looked at himself as somebody, a popular person who has a reputation of his own. The story is written in simple narration where the author used words and conversations used mainly among street people to adapt to the attributes of the characters. The main character claims he is Mexican whereby, unsophisticated English words are used and being a gang member, the narrator uses phrases commonly used like the use of the word ‘man’. For instance when Chato commented about what happened to the houses in his neighborhood, he said, â€Å"I hope that never happens to your street, man†. He used the phrase to speak to his reader or audience regardless of gender. The use of figurative speech is abundant in the story making it an interesting narrative, catching the attention of readers, letting them pause and think about what they could possibly mean. The figures of speech also stir the imagi nations of audiences to the picture the author wants to paint in their minds, making the events and characters come alive. â€Å"The toilet roars like a hot rod taking off† is a simile used in the story which portrays the whooshing sound made by the toilet bowl when it is flushed. The terms could also imply that the toilet sound is louder than it should be, making it appear in the reader’s mind that the setting is in a poor family’s house where repairs or change of materials are not done even when badly needed. Other figurative connotation used as a simile is â€Å"like a ghost in the graveyard†, which describes the narrators way of walking down the street, allowing the reader to imagine that he was walking alone in a dark, abandoned road. The figures of speech help the reader to have a clear picture of the images the author wants to portray through the words of the main character which was done quite successfully. About his writing, Chato describes it in the same fashion as, â€Å"It’s real smooth and mellow, and curvy like a blond in a bikini†. The comparison of two unlike things is used in this description which may have been an exaggeration but to the author, might have reached his goal of putting the penmanship of the character beside a curvy woman’s naked body to show how attractive is writing is. Metaphor was also used in the narration of the main character as he described the legs of her mother with the following phrase, â€Å"Her legs got those dark blue rivers running all over them†. He used the image of rivers to describe the varicose veins on her mother’s legs which could have been correctly represented because as the rivers carry water or fluid, the veins do the same however, they carry blood. Rivers when seen from afar are colored blue but the representation of the author about the varicose veins mentions them to be dark blue. The author also used personification in the story, making things perform human actions. For example, he said about the houses being destroyed by the bulldozers and wrecking bars of S.P. Railroads, â€Å"You could hear those houses scream when they ripped them down†. Houses cannot scream but the author used the word probably to inform readers about how the owners had no other choice but to let their houses be bulldozed against their will. It could also be that he was referring to the noise made in the midst of the wrecking of the houses, the sound of bars and hammerings and probably made a parallelism to how a person would react if one is ripped off or destroyed. In another

Euthanasia Essay - Religious Views on Assisted Suicide -- Euthanasia P

Official Religious Views on Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay is dedicated to the expression of the various official views of religious bodies within our nation. Most major denominations are represented. These religions have long been the custodians of the truth, serving to check the erratic and unpredictable tendencies of political, judicial and social bodies which would have Americans killing off their elderly and handicapped.    The National Association of Evangelicals believe that human beings are made in the image of God and are, therefore, of inestimable worth. God has given people the highest dignity of all creation. Such human dignity prohibits euthanasia, that is actively causing a person's death.    Is it moral to withdraw a life-support system which is believed to be an inappropriate extension of the dying process? The National Association of Evangelicals (NAE) believes that in cases where patients are terminally ill, death appears imminent and treatment offers no medical hope for a cure, it is morally appropriate to request the withdrawal of life-support systems, allowing natural death to occur. In such cases, every effort should be made to keep the patient free of pain and suffering, with emotional and spiritual support being provided until the patient dies. The National Association of evangelicals believes that in cases where extensive brain injury has occurred and there is clear medical indication that the patient has suffered brain death (permanent unconscious state), no medical treatment can reverse the process. Removal of any extraordinary life-support system at this time is morally appropriate and allows the dying process to proceed.(National)    The Union of Orthodox... ...rson cannot be legitimately interrupted. The use of painkillers to alleviate the sufferings of the dying, even at the risk of shortening their days, can be morally in conformity with human dignity if death is not willed as either an end or a means, but only foreseen and tolerated as inevitable. Palliative care is a special form of disinterested charity. As such it should be encouraged. (Catechism) WORKS CITED: National Association of Evangelicals of America http://www.euthanasia.com/evangel.html Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America http://www.ou.org/public/statements/1999/nate43.htm   Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod http://www.euthanasia.com/missouri.html Reformed Church in America http://www.euthanasia.com/lakes.html Catechism of the Catholic Church http://www.euthanasia.com/catech.html

Legacy of Algeria

Algeria remains one of France’s most valuable possessions during the colonial period. The country was a French colony for over a century until the early 1960s when nationalist agitation caused independence to be granted to the country. This form of revolt, which began gathering momentum in 1954 and lasted till 1962, is what became known as the Algerian War. Even though this war ended since 1962, the memories of the War are still present especially in France. Moreover, this war appears to be the most significant part of France’s involvement in Algeria.This essay will therefore look at the legacy created in France as a result of their involvement in Algeria. The essay will also examine the huge debates and controversies created by memories of the war in France. Aspects of brutality by the French police will equally be examined.Torture was a significant part of the Algerian and this aspect has sparked a series of debates and controversies in France ever since the war ended . During the more than one hundred thousand Algerians were tortured[1] by European born French police officers and pro-French Algerians who had been known to be very brutal when they handled matters relating to French Algerians in Paris. Several interrogation centers were created and the torture of Algerians by French auxiliary police was synonymous to these interrogation centers. Methods used where water torture, impaling on bottles and electric shocking.[2]   It was incidents like these that made the Algerian War to be labeled the most brutal in all colonial battles that France got involved in. In fact the conduct of the war welcomed a lot of criticisms from the French public without even bordering about the goals of the war. It is therefore no surprising that French men termed the war, â€Å"dirty war†.[3]Torture was so common to the extent that General Paul Aussaresses, whom at the time of the war was working with the French Special Service in Algeria and   who took p art in the battle of Algiers, which was aimed at hunting and destroying Algerian fighters acknowledged the use of torture when he held that,Among the operations in which I participated, most led to interrogations.Others to simple liquidation, which occurred on the spot. . . . [T]hose who  arrived in Tourelles [an interrogation center] were considered to be so  guilty that they did not leave alive. . . . [T]orture was used systematically if  the prisoner refused to talk, which was often the case. Rarely were prisoners  who were interrogated at night alive in the morning. If they talked ornot,  Ã‚  they were generally neutralized. . . . Summary executions were an integral  part of the task of maintaining order[4]The employment of torture by French police in the Algerian war created a significant impact in France, years after the War was over. To begin with, it sparked up a huge debate in France and the issue was whether torture was used during the Algerian war. This debate has been going ever since the war ended. For instance, in 1979, the issue about torture became so popular, to then that public opinion had to be sampled to see those who believed that torture was part of France’s colonial rule in Algeria. More than 50% of opinions sampled confirmed that they believe torture had been part and parcel of the Algerian crisis.[5] In later year the issue received more recognition to the extent that, opinion polls showed 94% of the population holding the belief that torture had been employed by French police during the Algerian War.The legacy left behind by the Algerian had serious ramifications in French politics. The question on torture again received recognition for the role it played during presidential campaigns in France. This was the case of the presidential elections in France in France in 2002. During campaigns major candidates were demanded to justify their stance with regards to the use of torture Algerian war.[6] Majority of the candida tes in this case were out rightly against torture.[7] In fact, ever since the war ended, the manner in which the war was handled has always aroused criticisms with emphasis placed on the use of torture. How ever, it is important to understand that French citizens have never really criticized the motive behind their involvement in Algeria. Instead, they criticize the manner in which the government reacted when things started going wrong in Algeria.The Algerian case also left it trade mark in the legal department in France. This is because, years after the incident, some of the perpetrators of what has been considered as cowardly acts have been brought before the court. Moreover, trials of this kind have drawn a lot of attention from the press. A case in point is the trial of Maurice Papon, who was the brainchild behind the suppression of Algerian demonstrators. Papon was a government functionary in France’s possessions in North Africa during the 1940s and 50sThis case was pres ided over in Bordeaux by Jean Louis Castagnà ©dà ©s.[8]During this trial, Papon asserted that he was never in support of the use of torture. He pointed out the he was never in control of the military, the main perpetrators of these acts, therefore, there was little he could do to stop them.[9] Even though Papon was freed for medical reasons, this case went further to strengthen the legacy of the Algerian situation in France. For instance the case pushed writers to work and in the process a number of works on Papon were produced. General works were also written on Papon and his trial. One of such works was marc Olivier Bruch’s scholarly study of the French administration under Vichy, titled Pour Servir l’Etat Francaise.On the commercial level some of these works gained a lot of grounds. This could be seen in the steady variety of books, movies and television shows, which came out to help bring to light the degree of torture experienced during the Algerian adventure. O ne of these movies, perhaps the most commercially successful, titled Avoir Vingt ans dans l’Aures released in 1971 and the documentary La Guerre d’Algerie and a lot of other documentary revealed the hidden practices of the of the French army in Algeria.[10]In fact Pascal Ory has tried to summarize central theme underlying most of the French movies and documentaries on the Algerian war when hen he writes, â€Å"French cinema did everything it could to give the image of the Algerian War as a ‘dirty war’† Also, another history of French movies holds the position that â€Å"Torture obsesses the cinema of the Algerian War.[11] Most of these movies and documentaries have gained a lot of grounds on the commercial level.Another legacy left by the Algerian war in France has been the commemorations in France marking the 1961 massacre. This incident occurred when dozens of Algerians were peacefully marching in Paris on October 17 1961. These of Algerians were ruthlessly killed. During the early years of the French government acknowledged the need for regular commemorations to mark this incident. The most outstanding was that held on the occasion of the 40th anniversary. This event was commemorated with demonstrations, exhibitions, film showings, and a colloquium held in the National Assembly, with distinguished panelists and some of the survivors of the event.[12]The legacy created by the Algerian questions in France has created a lot of controversy in France. For instance, national petition came demanding that the 1961 massacre be labeled a crime against humanity. This petition was welcomed by many intellectual elites amongst them were Pierre Bourdieu, Maurice Agulhon, Madeleine Rà ©bà ©rioux, Jacques Derrida. Such calls pushed the Paris City Council to affix a plaque on the Seine Bridge where several Algerians were dumped in to the river Seine on the day of demonstration. It even took time before the decision on what was to be writt en on the plaque. The wordings were carved on the plaque affixed on the left bank of the bridge crossing River Seine: To the memory of all the Algerians killed during the bloody repression of the peaceful demonstration of 17 October1961.†[13] Many human right groups and leftist have also welcomed the position that that the massacre be considered a crime against humanity.Another area of controversy in the Algerian crisis is centered on the proper word to term it. The French never wanted to consider it a war, instead they less hard phrases such a move to maintain order have always been preferred. However, a new understanding stemming from the rising concerns of the occurrences during the conflict made the French parliament in 1999 to label the Algerian case a war. This new development seems to have weakened the stance of many with regards to the horrors of the conflict.[14] This indicates the impact created by the Algerian crisis in France if one considers the fact that the conf lict has been a call for concern right in the French Assembly.Another area of controversy has been on the impact of trials like the case of Maurice Papon. People have been asking questions on whether it is necessary to try somebody for a crime committed some fifty years back. The French government sees it different. For instance, France which is one of those countries championing the course of democracy and human has to do something keep her credibility towards these this course.Moreover, it is imperative for trials of this kind to take place so that they could act as preventive measure for those who ever find their self in situations like the case in Algeria.Above all, there has also been a huge debate on the impact trials of this kind could have at the level of pedagogy.From the above, it is clear that the Algerian question has left a big scar on the French society judging from the memories of the war, which keeps circulating in France and among French people and Algerians. Moreov er, some people still remain divided on certain aspects of the war and it is this situation that has sparked up controversies when talking about the Algerian war.ReferenceCohen, William B. â€Å"The Algerian War and the Revision of France’s Overseas Mission†.Project Muse.Golsan, Richard J. â€Å"Vichy Afterlife† History and Counter History in Postwar France.Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2000.[1] William B. Cohen, â€Å"The Algerian War and the Revision of France’s Overseas Mission†, Project Muse, 228. [2] Richard J. Golsan, â€Å"Vichy Afterlife† History and Counter History in Postwar France (Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 2000), 167. [3] Cohen, â€Å"The Algerian War †, 229. [4] Ibid, 232. [5] Ibid, 230. [6] Ibid, 236. [7] Ibid. [8] Golsan, â€Å"Vichy Afterlife†, 158. [9] Ibid, 162. [10] Cohen, â€Å"The Algerian War †, 229 [11] Ibid, 229. [12] Ibid, 234. [13] Ibid, 235. [14] Cohe n 231

What Are Lysosomes and How Are They Formed

There are two primary types of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Lysosomes are organelles that are found in most animal cells and act as the digesters of a eukaryotic cell. What Are Lysosomes? Lysosomes are spherical membranous sacs of enzymes. These enzymes are acidic hydrolase enzymes that can digest cellular macromolecules. The lysosome membrane helps to keep its internal compartment acidic and separates the digestive enzymes from the rest of the cell. Lysosome enzymes are made by proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and enclosed within vesicles by the Golgi apparatus. Lysosomes are formed by budding from the Golgi complex. Lysosome Enzymes Lysosomes contain various hydrolytic enzymes (around 50 different enzymes) that are capable of digesting nucleic acids, polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins. The inside of a lysosome is kept acidic as the enzymes within work best in an acidic environment. If a lysosomes integrity is compromised, the enzymes would not be very harmful in the cells neutral cytosol. Lysosome Formation Lysosomes are formed from the fusion of vesicles from the Golgi complex with endosomes. Endosomes are vesicles that are formed by endocytosis as a section of the plasma membrane pinches off and is internalized by the cell. In this process, extracellular material is taken up by the cell. As endosomes mature, they become known as late endosomes. Late endosomes fuse with transport vesicles from the Golgi that contain acid hydrolases. Once fused, these endosomes eventually develop into lysosomes. Lysosome Function Lysosomes act as the garbage disposal of a cell. They are active in recycling the cells organic material and in the intracellular digestion of macromolecules. Some cells, such as white blood cells, have many more lysosomes than others. These cells destroy bacteria, dead cells, cancerous cells, and foreign matter through cell digestion. Macrophages engulf matter by phagocytosis and enclose it within a vesicle called a phagosome. Lysosomes within the macrophage fuse with the phagosome releasing their enzymes and forming what is known as a phagolysosome. The internalized material is digested within the phagolysosome. Lysosomes are also necessary for the degradation of internal cell components such as organelles. In many organisms, lysosomes are also involved in programmed cell death. Lysosome Defects In humans, a variety of inherited conditions can affect lysosomes. These gene mutation defects are called storage diseases and include Pompes disease, Hurler Syndrome, and Tay-Sachs disease. People with these disorders are missing one or more of the lysosomal hydrolytic enzymes. This results in the inability of macromolecules to be properly metabolized within the body. Similar Organelles Like lysosomes, peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain enzymes. Peroxisome enzymes produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product. Peroxisomes are involved in at least 50 different biochemical reactions in the body. They help to detoxify alcohol in the liver, form bile acid, and break down fats. Eukaryotic Cell Structures In addition to lysosomes, the following organelles and cell structures can also be found in eukaryotic cells: Cell membrane: Protects the integrity of the interior of the cell.Centrioles: Help to organize the assembly of microtubules.Cilia and Flagella: Aid in cellular locomotion.Chromosomes: Carry heredity information in the form of DNA.Cytoskeleton: A network of fibers that support the cell.Endoplasmic Reticulum: Synthesizes carbohydrates and lipids.Nucleus: Controls cell growth and reproduction.Ribosomes: Involved in protein synthesis.Mitochondria: Provide energy for the cell.